|
Robert Love "Bob" Taylor (July 31, 1850March 31, 1912) was an American politician, writer, and lecturer. He served as Governor of Tennessee from 1887 to 1891, and again from 1897 to 1899, and subsequently served as a United States Senator from 1907 until his death. He also represented Tennessee's 1st district in the United States House of Representatives from 1879 to 1881, the last Democrat to hold that district's house seat.〔Phillip Langsdon, ''Tennessee: A Political History'' (Franklin, Tenn.: Hillsboro Press, 2000), pp. 213-228.〕 A charismatic speaker, Taylor is remembered for defeating his older brother, Alfred A. "Alf" Taylor, in the 1886 gubernatorial campaign known as "The War of the Roses." 〔Robert L. Taylor, Jr., "(Robert L. Taylor )," ''Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture'', 2009. Retrieved: 8 November 2012.〕 This campaign involved storytelling, fiddle-playing, and practical jokes, standing in contrast to the state's previous gubernatorial campaigns, which typically involved fierce rhetoric and personal attacks.〔 Though Robert Taylor won, Alfred Taylor would serve as governor in the early 1920s. Along with politics, Taylor was a public lecturer and magazine editor. He published several collections of his lectures and short stories in the 1890s and early 1900s, and was co-editor of the ''Taylor-Trotwood Magazine''. ==Early life and career== Taylor was born in Happy Valley in Carter County, Tennessee, the third son of Nathaniel Green Taylor, a Methodist minister, and Emmaline Haynes, an accomplished pianist.〔Paul Deresco Augsburg, ''Bob and Alf Taylor: Their Lives and Lectures'' (Morristown, Tenn.: Morristown Book Company, 1925).〕 His father, a member of the Whig Party, had been defeated by Andrew Johnson in a campaign for Congress in 1849, but would win the seat in the mid-1850s. His mother's family supported the Democratic Party, and her brother, Landon Carter Haynes, was a prominent Democratic politician. Robert Taylor would adopt his mother's political leanings and become a Democrat, while his older brother, Alfred, would follow his father into the Whig (and later Republican) Party.〔 Nathaniel Taylor supported the Union during the Civil War,〔 and the family moved to Philadelphia in 1861 when the Confederate Army occupied East Tennessee. In 1864, the Taylor brothers enrolled in Pennington Seminary in New Jersey.〔(Governor Robert Love Taylor Papers, 1887-1891 (finding aid) ), Tennessee State Library and Archives, 1965. Retrieved: 10 November 2012.〕 The family moved to Washington in 1867 when Nathaniel Taylor was appointed Commissioner of Indian Affairs by President Andrew Johnson, and Robert Taylor took a position in the Treasury Department.〔 The family returned to Tennessee in 1869, where Robert would attend Buffalo Institute (modern Milligan College) and East Tennessee Wesleyan College.〔 While at the former, he cowrote a play with his brother, Alfred.〔 During the 1870s, Robert Taylor tried several business ventures, including farming, operating a lumber mill, and managing his father's Doe River iron forge. He largely failed at all of these, however, as he was reckless with money, overpaid his employees, and preferred conversation and storytelling to working.〔 He read law during this period with S.J. Kirkpatrick in Jonesborough.〔 In 1878, Alfred Taylor ran for the Republican nomination for the 1st district congressional seat against Augustus H. Pettibone. At the party's convention, Alfred appeared to have more delegates, but Pettibone managed to win the nomination, leading Taylor's supporters to suspect corruption. Robert Taylor was then convinced to run against Pettibone on the Democratic ticket in the general election. The public got its first real taste of his speaking ability at a debate in Bristol, when Taylor thrashed Pettibone with a "bewildering kaleidoscope of oratory."〔 With help from Alfred's disgruntled supporters, Robert was able to edge Pettibone for the seat by 750 votes.〔 Among the legislation sponsored by Taylor was a bill calling for a federal income tax.〔 Taylor was defeated by Pettibone in his reelection campaign in 1880, and lost to Pettibone a third time when he tried to regain the seat in 1882.〔 He then launched a pro-Democratic Party newspaper, ''The Comet'', in nearby Johnson City.〔 In 1884, Taylor was named the elector from the 1st district for Democratic presidential candidate Grover Cleveland, and campaigned across the district against the Republican elector, Samuel Hawkins. After Cleveland won the election, he appointed Taylor federal pension agent in Knoxville.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robert Love Taylor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|